Effect of Different Type of Captioning in Video Tutorial on Users’ Learning Performance
Mohd Farhan NAZMI1, Ammar ADNAN1, Radin Zaid RADIN UMAR2, Siby SAMUEL3, Norhashimah MOHD SHAFFIAR1, Mohd Hanafi ANI1, Malek HAMID1, *

1 Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

2 Faculty of Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia

3 Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada

* Corresponding Author: abdmalek@iium.edu.my

Page 106 – 111   |   Vol. 4, No. 1 (2019)   |    Available online on 1 June 2019

Abstract

Captioning is a process of converting an audio portion of video production into text, which normally shown on a display screen. The use of video tutorial caption is one of the contributing factors for the success or failure of a video tutorial on learning performance. However, in the video tutorial for engineering machinery, it is still unclear how different type of captioning – full, partial, and no caption – may affect users’ learning performance. The objectives of the study are: (i) to evaluate the effect of full caption, partial caption, and no caption of machine’s video tutorial on users’ learning performance; (ii) to evaluate the effect of full caption, partial caption, and no caption of machine’s video tutorial based on particular part of the video – safety, equipment, procedure, and housekeeping – on users’ learning performance. Twenty-four participants were randomly assigned into three different groups, namely Full Caption, Partial Caption, and No Caption, and they were stimulated with four video tutorials (of four engineering machinery – that used the full caption, partial caption, and no caption respectively. 

After the video tutorial session, participants were assessed with quizzes that covered the content of the tutorials. In overall, participants performed the best when partial caption video was used (M = 38.25, SD = 2.96) than when the full caption video (M = 33.88, SD = 2.99) or no caption video (M = 28.5, SD = 4.99). The differences are significant different at p <0.001 [F (2, 21) = 13.4, p <0.001]. Comparing the performance by criteria (safety, equipment, procedure, and housekeeping), the results reveal that there are significant differences in all conditions except for safety criteria. In safety criteria; partial caption video (M = 7.38, SD = 1.06), full caption video (M = 7.00, SD = 0.93) and no caption video (M = 6.38, SD = 1.06) are not significant different [F (2, 21) = 1.971, p <0.0164]. This is due to the caption used, which included captions that were too short or contain only one word, thus make no different despite the type of captioning. The results from this study provide additional information regarding the use of partial caption in the video tutorial for engineering machinery, in which it improves the users’ learning performance. 

Keywords

Captioning, Video Tutorial, Learning Performance

Acknowledgement

The research was supported by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education through the RAGS15-066-0129 grant to International Islamic University Malaysia (Malek Hamid, PI) and the FRGS17-035-0601 grant to International Islamic University (Mohd Hanafi Ani, PI). This study was also supported by the Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Malaysia.

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